Criminal Justice Studies (CRJ)

CRJ 200     Intro to Criminal Justice     4 Credit Hours

This course provides an introduction to issues of crime and neighborhood disorder as well as society's responses to these problems. We will examine the nature and causes of crime, criminal law, constitutional safeguards, and the organization and operation of the criminal justice system including the police, courts, and corrections. The history of the criminal justice system, terminology and career opportunities will also be discussed. (F, W, S).

CRJ 300     Political Analysis     4 Credit Hours

Introduction to research design, data collection and analysis, sampling, and statistics for social scientists. (F, W).

Restriction(s):
Cannot enroll if Level is

CRJ 307     Forensic Anthropology     4 Credit Hours

Forensic anthropology has recently seen a lot of exposure through popular television shows like CSI and Bones. Have you ever wondered how much of what you were seeing was real? Do the dead really "talk" about their lives and how they died? This course is designed as an introductory course for students interested in demystifying and getting to know the real forensic anthropology. Forensic anthropology is a specialized sub-field of biological anthropology that applies many of the methods of biological anthropology to the discovery, excavation, and identification of human remains in a medico-legal context. In this class we learn about the human skeleton and explore the key methods that are used in the identification of individuals, such as age-at-death estimation, sex determination, stature, ancestry, and personal identification. We also deal with assessment of the different types of trauma, and whether or not we can tell the cause and manner of death. The broader ethical roles and responsibilities of forensic anthropologists are also discussed, including discussions of how we determine race/ancestry, as well as ethical responsibilities we have during the investigation of human rights abuses, disasters and criminal inquiries. (OC).

Restriction(s):
Can enroll if Class is Sophomore or Junior or Senior

CRJ 309     Introduction to Law & Society     3 Credit Hours

Law and Society is a field of study that examines the interaction between the legal system and society from the perspective of the social sciences and humanities. This course focuses on core components of the legal system including courts, lawmaking bodies, regulatory administration, alternative dispute resolution systems, and the legal profession. Throughout the course, students develop the ability to examine the legal system and its relationship to equality, social change, and public benefits using social science evidence. (YR)

Restriction(s):
Cannot enroll if Class is Freshman

CRJ 316     The American Judicial Process     4 Credit Hours

An analysis of American legal institutions, processes, doctrines, and their relationship to the formulation of public policy and the solution of social problems. POL 101 or equivalent recommended. (AY).

Restriction(s):
Can enroll if Level is Undergraduate

CRJ 322     Psychology of Prejudice     4 Credit Hours

A consideration of ethnic (including racial), sexual, and religious prejudice from the psychological point of view, focusing on the mind of both the oppressor and the oppressed. (YR).

Prerequisite(s): PSYC 171 or PSYC 170 or PSYC 101

CRJ 324     Serial and Mass Homicide     4 Credit Hours

The phenomenon of multiple homicide, especially mass shootings and serial murder, is of special interest in the field of criminology. Perpetrators of such acts and their methodologies can be studied for the purpose of primary and secondary prevention. (YR).

CRJ 325     Psyc of Interpersonal Relation     4 Credit Hours

Students will be introduced to the field of relationship science from a social psychological perspective. The class begins with an overview of important research methods and theories (e.g., interdependency, attachment, evolutionary, social role theory). Topics cover communication, attraction, friendship, love, sexuality, threats to relationships, conflict and violence, as well as fostering healthy relationships. (YR).

Prerequisite(s): PSYC 101 or PSYC 170 or PSYC 171

Restriction(s):
Cannot enroll if Level is

CRJ 335     Philosophy of Law     4 Credit Hours

An examination of some of the important philosophical issues relevant to law and legal theory, including legal punishment, legal responsibility, and the relationship between law and morality. Both classical and contemporary writings will be studied. Students electing this course must have successfully completed a previous course in philosophy or have permission of instructor.

Prerequisite(s): PHIL 100 or PHIL 233 or PHIL 240 or PHIL 301 or PHIL 302 or PHIL 306 or PHIL 365 or PHIL 375 or PHIL 441 or PHIL 442

Restriction(s):
Cannot enroll if Level is

CRJ 362     Women, Politics, and the Law     4 Credit Hours

An examination of the political behavior of women in American politics. Included is an analysis of the legal and legislative demands of American women. (F).

Restriction(s):
Cannot enroll if Level is

CRJ 363     Crim Justice Syst and Policy     4 Credit Hours

The structure and processes of criminal justice administration in America, including analysis of current issues in police behavior, courts, and corrections. POL 101 or equivalent recommended. (F, S, W).

Restriction(s):
Can enroll if Level is Undergraduate

CRJ 369     Civil Rights Movement in Amer     3 Credit Hours

A survey of race relations and civil rights activity from the late 19th century to the present. The principal focus, however, is on the period since World War II, especially on the mass-based Southern civil rights movement (1955-1965) and the various policy debates and initiatives of the past thirty years, most notably affirmative action and busing. We also examine critiques of non-violence and integrationism. (AY).

Restriction(s):
Can enroll if Level is Undergraduate

CRJ 382     Social Psychology     4 Credit Hours

This course provides a comprehensive overview of the field of social psychology focusing on a review of the field's founding principles and classic studies, as well as a focus on recent research. Topics include social cognition; interpersonal behavior (e.g., attraction, aggression, and altruism); attitudes; prejudice and discrimination; social influence; group processes (e.g., intergroup relations; conflict resolution); and social issues (e.g., income inequality). (YR).

Prerequisite(s): PSYC 101 or PSYC 170 or PSYC 171

CRJ 407     Psychology of Adolescence     4 Credit Hours

This course will expand the discussion of physical, cognitive, and social-emotional development in various social and cultural contexts of today’s adolescents. Students will explore the current adolescence literature, focusing on theoretical foundations and empirical research findings. Students will develop an in-depth understanding of the experiences of human development during this specific stage of life. Students cannot receive credit for both PSYC 407 and PSYC 507. (YR).

Prerequisite(s): PSYC 170 or PSYC 171 or PSYC 101

Restriction(s):
Cannot enroll if Level is

CRJ 408     Police and the Community     4 Credit Hours

This course examines the diverse roles of the public police and how to achieve effective community policing. After reviewing the evolution of community policing, this course focuses on understanding police mission and culture, involving the community, proactive policing, implementing community policing, communicating with a diverse population, the challenge of gangs, forming partnerships with the media, and building partnerships in the community. (OC).

CRJ 409     Intel & Homeland Security     4 Credit Hours

This course provides an in-depth examination of the principles guiding the collection, analysis, and sharing of intelligence in the United States and how these principles impact homeland security. Topics include, but are not limited to: terrorism and national security, the US Intelligence community (CIA, FBI, military intelligence), and questions of surveillance, ethics, and civil liberties. Emphasis is placed on the increased role of local and state law enforcement and private entities in assessing of threats to homeland security. Students cannot receive credit for both CRJ 409 and CRJ 509. (YR).

CRJ 410     Quantitative Research and Statistics     4 Credit Hours

Full Course Title: Quantitative Research and Statistics An introduction to methods of data collection and analysis. Elementary statistical data are analyzed using computerized statistics programs. A discussion of research design and the philosophy of social science applied to answering health and human service questions.

Prerequisite(s): SOC 200 or SOC 201

Restriction(s):
Cannot enroll if Class is Freshman or Sophomore

CRJ 412     Men and Masculinities     3 Credit Hours

This course addresses the question, "What is a man?", in various historical, cross-cultural, and contemporary contexts. A major focus on the social and cultural factors that underlie and shape conceptions of manhood and masculinity in America as well as in a variety of societies around the globe. Prerequisite ANTH 101 recommended. (AY). (AY).

Restriction(s):
Can enroll if Class is Sophomore or Junior or Senior

CRJ 413     American Constitutional Law     4 Credit Hours

A major theme of this course is the development of the Constitution as shaped by the Supreme Court, Congress, and the president. The course examines the constitutional interpretation of government authority which includes such topics as judicial review, appointments, executive privilege, war power, federalism, commerce power, taxing and spending power, and substantive due process. (AY).

Restriction(s):
Cannot enroll if Level is

CRJ 4130     Qualitative Research     4 Credit Hours

Qualitative research methods involve the observation and study of people in their everyday lives, in their taken-for-granted worlds. Qualitative research seeks to combine close empirical observation with analytic techniques that demand (and teach) personal and social self- consciousness as necessary to an understanding of the social world of "others". This course in qualitative methods is designed to acquaint students with field research theories and techniques. Students will gain hands-on experience in participant observation, interviewing, and the use of sociological scholarship. Qualitative Reserach Methods will prepare students to gather data, focus the data in a social scientific manner, analyze the data, and then organize it in reportable form. (F, W).

Prerequisite(s): SOC 200

CRJ 414     Civil Rights and Liberties     4 Credit Hours

An analysis of the Bill of Rights and the 14th Amendment, with particular emphasis upon recent landmark or controversial Supreme Court decisions dealing with freedom of speech and religion, rights of criminal defendants; cruel and unusual punishment, right to privacy; civil rights and equal protection clause; and apportionment. (YR).

Restriction(s):
Can enroll if Class is Junior or Senior
Can enroll if Level is Undergraduate

CRJ 415     Restorative Justice     4 Credit Hours

This course explores the practice of restorative justice as it has been engaged in historical and contemporary criminal justice contexts. Topics addressed include the principles and philosophies underlying restorative justice, differences between retributive and restorative models, victim-offender dialogue, and offender reintegration. Students will be asked to think critically about restorative and retributive systems and to apply these concepts to develop their own approach to restorative justice. Students cannot receive credit for both CRJ 415 and CRJ 515. (YR).

Prerequisite(s): CRJ 200

Restriction(s):
Can enroll if Class is Junior or Senior
Can enroll if Program is

CRJ 417     Crimmigration: Intersections of Immigration and Criminal Justice     4 Credit Hours

This course explores the intersection(s) of the criminal justice and immigration systems with special attention to race, class, and gender. It covers the evolution of American immigration policy and its application, the criminalization of immigrants, immigrant offending and victimization, the policing of immigrant communities, and the immigrant experience in the United States. Students cannot receive credit for both CRJ 417 and CRJ 517. (AY).

Prerequisite(s): CRJ 200 or CRJ 468 or CRJ 473 or SOC 200 or SOC 201

CRJ 418     Criminal Justice Research Methods     4 Credit Hours

This course provides an introduction to methods of data collection and analysis, as well as a discussion of research design and the philosophy of social science, within the context of the field of Criminology and Criminal Justice. Attention is give to quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methodologies. Students cannot receive credit for both CRJ 418 and CRJ 518. (F, W, S).

Prerequisite(s): CRJ 200 and CRJ 468

Restriction(s):
Can enroll if Class is Junior or Senior

CRJ 419     LGBTQ+ Criminology     4 Credit Hours

This course explores matters of crime, crime control, and the law through the lens of Queer Criminology, which draws attention to the stigmatization, criminalization, and rejection of LGBTQ+ populations. Special attention is paid to the intersections of identity (e.g. class, race, gender, sexual orientation) and offending, as well as identity and victimization, as well as the experiences of LGBTQ+ communities with police, courts, and corrections, in the United States and around the world. Students cannot receive credit for both CRJ 419 and CRJ 519. (AY).

CRJ 425     Lab in Social Psychology     4 Credit Hours

A broad introduction to research methods in basic and applied social psychology. Students will receive training in construction, implementation, and interpretation of scientific procedures used in the study of social psychology. Topics include: questionnaire construction, experimental design, and various multivariate analytic techniques. (YR).

Prerequisite(s): PSYC 381

Restriction(s):
Cannot enroll if Level is

CRJ 432     Victimology     4 Credit Hours

This course will introduce students to various types of victimization and victims. Patterns of victimization and system impacts, responses, and experiences will be emphasized. Students will analyze official and unofficial methods of crime reporting and will learn to utilize the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS). Criminal and civil processes will be examined in relation to victimization, and trends will be reviewed. Students will learn to discuss these concepts using a global perspective. Students cannot earn credit for both CRJ 432 and CRJ 532. (AY).

CRJ 435     Urban Sociology     4 Credit Hours

An overview of the form and development of urban communities with respect to demographic structure and functional organization, viewing the city as a source of conflict, creativity and social change. Issues of urban social problems, urban planning and urban futures are all considered. Students cannot receive credit for both CRJ/SOC 435 and CRJ/SOC 535. (F, YR).

Prerequisite(s): SOC 200 or SOC 201

Restriction(s):
Can enroll if Level is Undergraduate

CRJ 440     Abnormal Psychology     4 Credit Hours

An introduction to the field of psychopathology, the study of mental disorders. Includes exposure to a number of historical and theoretical perspectives, each with their own theories, methodologies, and treatment approaches. Disorders covered will include: anxiety and mood disorders, personality disorders, schizophrenia, sexual disorders, and psychosomatic disorders. Students cannot receive credit for both PSYC 440 and PSYC 540. (YR).

Prerequisite(s): PSYC 171 or PSYC 170 or PSYC 101

Restriction(s):
Cannot enroll if Level is

CRJ 443     Gender Roles     4 Credit Hours

This course will investigate the development of gender roles in childhood and adolescence due to either innate physiological differences or sociological patterning, the effect of gender roles upon male-female relationships within our society, and the possibility of transcending sociological gender roles in alternate modes of living. Students cannot receive credit for both SOC 443 and SOC 543. (F, W, S).

Prerequisite(s): SOC 200 or PSYC 170 or PSYC 171 or SOC 201 or PSYC 101

Restriction(s):
Cannot enroll if Level is

CRJ 446     Marriage and Family Problems     4 Credit Hours

Sociological analysis of problems encountered within the institution of marriage with particular reference to such issues as choosing a marriage partner, sexual adjustment, occupational involvement, conflict resolution, child rearing, divorce and readjustment. Students cannot receive credit for both SOC 446 and SOC 546. (OC).

Prerequisite(s): SOC 200 or SOC 201

Restriction(s):
Can enroll if Level is Undergraduate

CRJ 447     Family Violence     4 Credit Hours

Sociological analyses of various forms of family violence which occur disproportionately in the lives of girls and women. Topics such as incest, sexual abuse, date rape, wife battering, and elder abuse will be situated within the social and cultural context of contemporary gender relationships. Social and political responses to the phenomena will be examined. Students cannot receive credit for both SOC/CRJ/WGST 447 and SOC/CRJ/WGST 547. (F).

Prerequisite(s): SOC 200 or SOC 301 or SOC 443 or PSYC 405 or WST 405 or SOC 201

Restriction(s):
Can enroll if Level is Undergraduate

CRJ 453     Sociology of Law     4 Credit Hours

Various aspects of the relationship between law and society are explored. After a look at processes of law making, attention is turned to the administration of law. This involves a study of the activities of legislatures, courts, police, and correctional agents. Students cannot receive credit for both CRJ/SOC 453 and CRJ/SOC 553. (YR).

Prerequisite(s): SOC 200 or SOC 201

Restriction(s):
Can enroll if Level is Undergraduate

CRJ 460     Media & Crime     4 Credit Hours

This course examines how the media depict and impact perceptions of crime and criminal justice. Media is defined broadly to incorporate all forms of mass communication, including print and broadcast news, film, television, radio, and social platforms. Students will analyze how media construct crime and influence policy, discuss various types of moral panics, and learn basic theorization. Portrayals and stereotypes of women, children, police, prisons, offenders, and victims will be explored. Comparisons of cross-cultural perspectives and depictions will be applied. Students cannot receive credit for both CRJ 460 and CRJ 560. (AY).

Restriction(s):
Can enroll if Class is Junior or Senior

CRJ 461     Gender, Crime, & Justice     4 Credit Hours

The course explores how gender impacts peoples' experiences with the criminal justice system. Contemporary theories of gender and organizational theory are used to examine the ways the criminal justice system reflects and reproduces gender inequalities. Topics covered include, but are not limited to: gendered experiences of offending and victimization, law enforcement and policing, prosecution and sentencing, and prison and reentry, as well as how gender influences experiences of those who work in the criminal justice system (e.g. police, corrections officers, lawyers). Students cannot receive credit for both CRJ/SOC/WGST 461 and CRJ/SOC/WGST 561. (AY).

Prerequisite(s): PSYC 275 or SOC 275 or ANTH 275 or HUM 275 or WGST 303 or PSYC 303 or SOC 303 or ANTH 303 or HUM 303 or SOC 200 or SOC 201 or CRJ 200 or CRJ 300

Restriction(s):
Can enroll if Class is Junior or Senior

CRJ 465     Deviant Behavior/Soc Disorganz     4 Credit Hours

A general analysis of the concept of social deviance and social disorganization: factors producing each condition, the effects of social control measures on the course of deviance and disorganization consequences for the social system, and the relationship between the two. Students cannot receive credit for both CRJ/SOC 465 and CRJ/SOC 565. (YR).

Prerequisite(s): SOC 200 or SOC 201

Restriction(s):
Can enroll if Level is Undergraduate

CRJ 466     Addiction, Crime and Justice     4 Credit Hours

Analyses of the sociology of substance use and abuse. Provides a sociological framework for understanding issues and evaluating our nation's responses to the phenomenon of drug use. Drawing on sociocultural and social psychological perspectives, this course systematically examines the social structure, social problems, and social policy aspects of drugs in American society. Students cannot receive credit for both CRJ/SOC 466 and CRJ/SOC 566. (AY).

Prerequisite(s): SOC 200 or SOC 201

Restriction(s):
Can enroll if Class is Junior or Senior

CRJ 468     Criminology     4 Credit Hours

Analysis of criminal behavior in relationship to the institutional framework of society. Emphasis upon the more routinized and persistent forms of criminality along with the joint roles played by victims, the criminal, the police, and all other relevant parties. Students cannot receive credit for both CRJ 468 and CRJ 568. (YR).

Restriction(s):
Can enroll if Level is Undergraduate

CRJ 469     Youth, Crime and Justice     4 Credit Hours

The analysis of juvenile delinquent behavior in relationship to the institutional framework of society. Emphasis on the extent, causes, and methods of treatment of juvenile delinquency in the United States. Students cannot receive credit for both CRJ/SOC 469 and CRJ/SOC 569. (AY).

Prerequisite(s): SOC 200 or SOC 201

CRJ 470     Current Issues in Crim Justice     4 Credit Hours

Current issues in the field of criminal justice and law enforcement in the US and other countries. Topics include an evaluation of police activities, problems of apprehensions and prosecution, the courts and the correctional system, and the efficacy of the legal structure in its social context. Students cannot receive credit for both CRJ 470 and CRJ 570. (OC).

Prerequisite(s): CRJ 200

CRJ 472     Correctional Systems     4 Credit Hours

Analysis of the legal, social, and political issues affecting contemporary correctional theory and practice. Topics covered include the history of corrections; the nature of existing institutions; the functions and social structure of correctional institutions; and alternatives to institutional incarceration, probation, and parole. (F, S, W).

Restriction(s):
Can enroll if Class is Junior or Senior
Can enroll if Level is Undergraduate

CRJ 473     Race, Crime and Justice     3 Credit Hours

This course is an analysis of race and its relation to crime in the criminal justice system. Students will analyze and interpret the perceived connection between race and crime, while exploring the dynamics of race, crime, and justice in the United States. This course is designed to familiarize students with current research and theories of racial discrimination within America's criminal justice system. (W).

Prerequisite(s): SOC 200 or SOC 201

Restriction(s):
Cannot enroll if Class is Freshman

CRJ 474     Cyber Crimes & Digital Evidence     4 Credit Hours

This course explores the worlds of cyber crime (e.g. child exploitation, predators, sexual/vice crimes, identity theft, etc.) and digital evidence. Students will examine the contours of cyber offending, as well as discuss legal issues and specific investigative and forensic processes related to technology. Students will also discuss cyber technology and predatory practices, practical and ethical considerations at the intersection of crime and technology, and new and emerging techniques of evidence collection. (YR).

CRJ 476     Inside Out Prison Exchange     4 Credit Hours

This community-based course, taught in a local correctional facility, brings university students and incarcerated students together to study as peers. Together students explore issues of crime and justice, drawing on one another to create a deeper understanding of how these issues affect our lives as individuals and as a society. The course creates a dynamic partnership between UMD and a correctional facility to allow students to question approaches to issues of crime and justice in order to build a safer and more just society for all. The course encourages outside (UMD) students to contextualize and to think deeply about what they have learned about crime and criminals and to help them pursue the work of creating a restorative criminal justice system; it challenges inside students to place their life experiences into larger social contexts and to rekindle their intellectual self-confidence and interest in further education. (F, W).

Restriction(s):
Can enroll if Class is Junior or Senior

CRJ 478     Criminal Justice Internship     4 to 8 Credit Hours

Provides field experience in social welfare or criinal justice agencies, e.g., for children/adolescents, in residential programs, in abuse remediation, in probation, for chemical dependencies, in victim advocacy, for the elderly, in prisons, for special needs populations, in court services, in medical/public health, in police services, and for families and communities. Supervision by approved field instructors. An internship of 149 hours, or 8-10 hours per week, is required for four (4) credits. Instructor and student will work together to determine appropriate intern placement. Approval of instructor. (YR).

Prerequisite(s): CRJ 200

CRJ 480     Theories of Justice     4 Credit Hours

This course is designed to provide an introduction to basic moral philosophy and social justice, with particular focus on how these issues pertain to the field of criminal justice. It will explore various perspectives of “justice” through readings from classical and contemporary theorists. In addition, students will discuss topics related to political economy, culture and cross-cultural engagement, and critiques and advancements of justice. They will review the limits of the justice system and issues such as globalization, capitalism, and reform. Applied learning will be used to identify, articulate, and defend different ethical positions. Students cannot receive credit for both CRJ 480 and CRJ 580. (AY).

Restriction(s):
Cannot enroll if Major is

CRJ 482     Legal & Ethical Argumentation     4 Credit Hours

This course will explore the ethical dilemmas faced by professionals in the legal system. We will pay particular attention to the criminal justice system and to the Rules of Professional Conduct for attorneys. Students read real legal cases and engage in thinking like attorneys to discuss questions like: How should an attorney consider their own ethical beliefs when deciding the appropriate course of action in a case? How should a judge consider their own ethical beliefs when making a juvenile justice decision? How should a police officer, investigator, or lawyer determine the ethical course of action when the law's instructions are ambiguous? Through practical "hands-on" learning, students will practice core skills in legal thinking, like writing briefs, examining the legal reasoning on both sides of a case, and understanding the strengths and weaknesses of each perspective in a case. Students cannot receive credit for both CRJ 482 and CRJ 582. (YR).

Restriction(s):
Can enroll if Class is Freshman or Sophomore or Junior or Senior
Can enroll if Level is Undergraduate

CRJ 483     Justice, Crime and Environment     4 Credit Hours

This service-learning course focuses on environmental justice and law. Environmental Justice is defined as the fair treatment of all people with respect to the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws. In the classroom, students learn the theory, history, and enforcement of environmental laws and regulations in Detroit, Michigan, and nationwide. In a required civic engagement project, students apply their substantive knowledge to solve local environmental problems. Through classroom learning and projects with community organizations, students connect law and justice concerns to Detroit's environmental problems. Students cannot receive credit for both CRJ 483 and CRJ 583. (AY).

Restriction(s):
Can enroll if Class is Junior or Senior

CRJ 484     White Collar Crime     4 Credit Hours

This course reviews the history, categories, and problems related to white-collar crime. The course covers these topics by incorporating both legal and empirical perspectives in the study of white collar crime. In this course, we will focus on the substantive and procedural white collar crime laws ('law on the books') and analyze real white collar crime cases. Simultaneously, we will pay special attention to the dynamic relationship between white collar crime and the American regulatory framework. As a result, we will assess the relationship and differences between various types of white collar crime and the regulatory regimes that oversee the business sector ('law in action'). Students cannot receive credit for both CRJ 484 and CRJ 584. (AY).

CRJ 487     Forensic Science Evidence in Criminal Cases     3 Credit Hours

This class is a study of the increasing use of scientific evidence in criminal cases, gathered by crime scene investigators (CSI) and/or later developed in a crime laboratory. After a review of the history and development of forensic scientific evidence, the class will study the standards used by courts to prevent the admission of so-called "junk science" and the emergence of DNA as a new model for forensic science evidence. Several common forms of scientific evidence, beginning with DNA, will be studied, including fingerprints, handwriting, hair, bite marks, ballistics, fire and arson debris, and blood stains. The study also includes the forensic use of social sciences testimony, including the reliability of eyewitness testimony and several forms of abuse "syndrome" testimony. Each of these forms of evidence will be described and then compared to the "junk science" standards and to the most recent information about their reliability. The class will examine the impact of forensic science evidence or juroors and the so-called "CSI Effect". The reaction of courts, attorneys and police to juror expectations for scientific evidence will be reviewed. Finally, the class will review the impact of DNA exonerations and the National Academy of Sciences report on the reliability of forensic science evidence and how judges and appeals courts are responding to those challenges, particularly the current controversies concerning the validity of such evidence. Students cannot receive credit for both CRJ 487 and CRJ 587. (W).

CRJ 488     Criminal Procedure     3 Credit Hours

This class is a study of Constitutional law regarding criminal procedure in the United States. Initially the class reviews the federal and state court structure relating to criminal prosecutions and the flow of cases through those systems. The focus is then on the nature of individual rights under the Constitution, the case law, and the concept of the "exclusionary rule." The class then examines specific issues and procedures relating to arrests, searches, confessions and identifications, and analyzes the constitutional requirements for each. (W)

CRJ 490     Topics in Criminal Jusice     4 Credit Hours

Examination of problems and issues in selected areas of criminal justice. Title as listed in Schedule of Classes will change according to the content of the course. Students may not receive credit for both CRJ 490 and CRJ 590. (OC).

Restriction(s):
Can enroll if Class is Junior or Senior
Can enroll if Level is Undergraduate

CRJ 497     Washington, D.C. Internship     3 to 6 Credit Hours

Field placements in Washington, D.C. Course is offered only in summer semester. Primarily for junior or senior political science concentrators or other qualified applicants. Only six hours of internship credit is allowed toward concentration requirement.

CRJ 498     Directed Studies     1 to 8 Credit Hours

Directed individual study of any subject agreed upon by the student and the instructor. May not duplicate a formal course offering. (F, W, S).

Restriction(s):
Can enroll if Class is Junior or Senior
Can enroll if Level is Undergraduate